Sepsis is a serious medical condition that arises when the body’s response to an infection triggers widespread inflammation. It can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and even death if not promptly treated. Understanding the signs and symptoms of sepsis is crucial for early detection and effective management.

Sepsis occurs when the body’s immune system overreacts to an infection, releasing chemicals into the bloodstream that cause inflammation throughout the body. This inflammatory response can disrupt normal blood flow, leading to organ dysfunction and potential failure. Sepsis can affect people of all ages, but it is particularly dangerous in the very young, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.

*Visual thanks to The UK Sepsis Trust

Signs of Sepsis

Fever or Hypothermia: Sepsis can cause a high fever, but it can also lead to abnormally low body temperature, known as hypothermia.

Rapid Heart Rate: An elevated heart rate, also known as tachycardia, is a common sign of sepsis. The heart works harder to pump blood to meet the body’s increased demand for oxygen.

Rapid Breathing: Sepsis can cause rapid, shallow breathing as the body tries to compensate for decreased oxygen levels in the blood.

Confusion or Altered Mental State: Sepsis can affect brain function, leading to confusion, disorientation, or a decreased level of consciousness.

Extreme Fatigue: Feeling overwhelmingly tired or weak, even with minimal activity, can be a sign of sepsis.

Decreased Urination: Sepsis can reduce blood flow to the kidneys, leading to decreased urine output.

Low Blood Pressure: In severe cases, sepsis can cause a drop in blood pressure, which may result in dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting.

Skin Changes: Sepsis can cause the skin to appear mottled, discoloured, or unusually pale.

What causes Sepsis?

Sepsis most commonly occurs as a complication of an existing infection, such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections, skin infections, or abdominal infections like appendicitis. Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can all potentially lead to sepsis.

 Treatment and prevention

Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in sepsis. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to target the underlying infection, intravenous fluids to maintain blood pressure and hydration, and supportive care to manage symptoms and prevent organ damage.

Preventing infections in the first place is key to reducing the risk of sepsis. This includes practicing good hygiene, such as regular handwashing, getting recommended vaccinations, and promptly treating any infections or wounds to prevent them from spreading.

In conclusion, sepsis is a serious medical condition that requires prompt recognition and treatment. Knowing the signs and symptoms of sepsis can help save lives by enabling early intervention. If you or someone you know exhibits signs of sepsis, seek medical attention immediately.

For more information visit

The UK Sepsis Trust Home Page | What is Sepsis? | Sepsis Symptoms

Symptoms of sepsis – NHS (www.nhs.uk)

What Is Sepsis | Sepsis Alliance